Wyler Geneve in the 1920's, brought out its Incaflex balance wheel which was protected along its diameter by two curved elastic arms to cheap watches absorb any shocks.Wyler watches gained a reputation for toughness and they devised publicity stunts involving tall iconic buildings to enhance this reputation. In 1956 two Wyler Incaflex timepieces were dropped 300 meters from the Eiffel tower and shown to be fully functional. Likewise in 1962, six watches sports watch were dropped from the Seattle Tower with the same result.Incabloc's system though remained the most common. But shock resistance in wristwatches took a while to become universally implemented and well into the 1950's broken balance staffs were one of the most common causes of mechanical failure. Incabloc's patent failed to protect its design and many other similar systems were developed. Well known ones being the "Kif" system used by many and Seiko's "Diashoc" and Citizens "Parashoc" systems.Rolex have since developed their Paraflex system which they say has a 50 percent greater resistance to shocks as well as developing a hairspring made from Ainol Novo10 Forever niobium, zirconium and oxygen alloy with 10x more shock resistance than 'traditional' springs. Swatch also developed something called ‘Nivachoc’ which is said to reposition more precisely after a shock and first came to notice when it was used by Breguet in 2006.One of the most recent developments in shock resistance came in 2007 with Ulysse Nardin's "Innovision" watch, in which the elasticity and superior dry friction properties of silicon were used to create a new shock absorbing system.Top 10 Technically Film Camera Important Mechanical Wrist Watches watch talkThe Self-Winding "Automatic" WatchIt was in 1770 that Perrelet invented the first self-winding mechanism but it wasn't until 1923 when British watchmaker John Harwood took out a patent for his invention of the self-winding mechanism for the wristwatch.Using a semicircular weight that rotated 300 degrees and ran into a spring bumper which the wearer could feel, it was known as the "bumper" design. The watch would run for only 12 hours when fully wound and the time was set using the bezel since it didn't have a traditional stem winder. With financial backing he went on to produce many thousands of watches based around ultra slim touch screen watch his new mechanism but unfortunately due to the British economic depression of the 1920's and 30's, went bust and the Harwood company folded in 1931 allowing other companies to use the design.Head of research and development at the Rolex Bienne factory, Emile Borer, further developed Harwood's design and used it as the basis for the Rolex caliber 620 Oyster Perpetual. Modifications were made so that the rotor could rotate a full 360 degrees in both directions. This not only increased the energy stored in the mainspring so that it would run 35 hours, but also made it feel better to wrist watch wear. The result in 1931 was the first really practical and long lasting self-winding wristwatch the "Rolex Oyster Perpetual" a watch model we are all now very familiar with. 745TDBanty 130723
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